|
Naqsh-e Rustam ((ペルシア語:Naqŝe Rostam) (:næɣʃeɾosˈtæm)) is an ancient necropolis located about 12 km northwest of Persepolis, in Fars Province, Iran, with the best group of ancient rock reliefs in Iran cut into the cliff, from both the Achaemenid and Sassanid periods. It lies a few hundred meters from Naqsh-e Rajab, with a further group of Sassanid reliefs. The oldest relief at Naqsh-i Rustam dates to ''c.'' 1000 BC. Though it is severely damaged, it depicts a faint image of a man with unusual head-gear and is thought to be Elamite in origin. The depiction is part of a larger mural, most of which was removed at the command of Bahram II. The man with the unusual cap gives the site its name, ''Naqsh-e Rostam'', "Rostam Inscription", because the relief was locally believed to be a depiction of the mythical hero Rostam. == Achaemenid tombs == Four tombs belonging to Achaemenid kings are carved out of the rock face at a considerable height above the ground. The tombs are known locally as the 'Persian crosses', after the shape of the facades of the tombs. The entrance to each tomb is at the center of each cross, which opens onto to a small chamber, where the king lay in a sarcophagus. The horizontal beam of each of the tomb's facades is believed to be a replica of the entrance of the palace at Persepolis. The order of the tombs in Naqshe-e Rustam, from left to right is: Darius II, Artaxerxes I, Darius I, Xerxes I One of the tombs is explicitly identified by an accompanying inscription as the tomb of Darius I the Great (''c.'' 522-486 BC). The other three tombs are believed to be those of Xerxes I (''c.'' 486-465 BC), Artaxerxes I (''c.'' 465-424 BC), and Darius II (''c.'' 423-404 BC) respectively. A fifth unfinished one might be that of Artaxerxes III, who reigned at the longest two years, but is more likely that of Darius III (''c.'' 336-330 BC), last of the Achaemenid dynasts. The tombs were looted following the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire by Alexander the Great. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Naqsh-e Rustam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|